Hi Lindsay,
Unfortunately the SugarCRM integration with Marketo currently does not have a Sugar Campaign -to- Marketo Program sync. Since the integration is owned by SugarCRM, I would definitely forward your request to your Account Manager at Sugar and try to drum up some interest in this feature. FWIW, I've worked with other Sugar+Marketo users who would also love this sync.
As such, my recommendation to you is to use Marketo reporting instead of Sugar Campaign reporting, because if you have RCE (with the Marketo Select Edition), then you'll be able to generate pretty much all of the reports you would've wanted to create out of Sugar. Please reach out to your Marketo Account Manager if you'd like to see a demo of this in further detail.
Last but not least, partners like NEPO (who originally created the Sugar-Marketo integration) could also offer services to extend the OOTB integration. In addition, maybe you can try a workaround by having a data value change to a custom field on the Lead/Contact to represent updates to the 'Program Status', and this can then trigger off updates in the Sugar Campaign to update member statuses. Keep in mind I've never seen or tested this workaround, but theoretically, this seems to be possible.
Hope this helped,
-Ben